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In a bold move that is raising alarms across the legal and immigration landscape, the FBI arrested Milwaukee County Circuit Judge Hannah Dugan on April 25, 2025, for allegedly obstructing an immigration arrest at her courthouse. The charges stem from an incident involving an undocumented individual with an existing deportation order, and the case has quickly ignited a national debate about the balance of power between the judiciary and immigration enforcement.
What Happened Inside the Courthouse?
According to federal officials, Judge Dugan allegedly redirected ICE agents away from a courtroom where they intended to arrest Eduardo Flores Ruiz, an undocumented immigrant with a prior removal order. Court documents claim that Dugan instructed agents they needed a different warrant and advised them to speak with the chief judge. She then allegedly helped the defendant exit through a private corridor, delaying the arrest.
FBI Director Kash Patel said the judge “intentionally misdirected federal agents,” which led to a foot chase outside the courthouse before the arrest was completed. Dugan was charged with obstruction and concealment under federal law, but released on her own recognizance pending a May 15 court appearance.
Legal Fallout and National Repercussions
This is not the first time a sitting judge has been prosecuted for allegedly interfering with immigration enforcement. During Trump’s prior administration, a Massachusetts judge faced similar charges, which were later dropped following disciplinary review. However, this case represents a significant escalation. Attorney General Pam Bondi warned on Fox News that the administration intends to prosecute any official who aids undocumented individuals in evading arrest.
The Trump administration has made it clear that local and state authorities who resist federal immigration policies will be targeted. An executive order signed in February reinforces that federal funding should not support sanctuary policies or individuals considered non-cooperative with federal deportation initiatives.
Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers and Senator Tammy Baldwin condemned the arrest as a threat to judicial independence, with Baldwin stating that “we do not have kings in this country,” criticizing what she characterized as a breach of democratic norms.
Why This Matters for Immigrants and the Legal Community
While the legal system must ensure accountability, targeting judges for their courtroom conduct has profound implications. It risks chilling judicial discretion and may deter local courts from exercising their authority when federal immigration enforcement intersects with constitutional rights.
This case also raises urgent questions for immigrants and their advocates. The alleged incident involved a non-citizen facing domestic violence charges and a prior removal order. Without proper representation or due process, such individuals are often rushed through removal proceedings. When judicial intervention is criminalized, it narrows the pathways for immigrants to assert their legal rights in a safe forum.
How Spar & Bernstein Helps in Complex Deportation and Due Process Cases
For immigrants facing removal, particularly those with prior deportation orders or pending criminal matters, the stakes are high. At Spar & Bernstein, we offer aggressive legal advocacy in situations involving:
- Deportation defense and motions to reopen prior removal orders
- Legal support for immigrants facing criminal charges
- Federal litigation where due process or judicial bias is in question
- Advocacy against expedited enforcement actions lacking proper judicial oversight
Whether you are an immigrant, a legal permanent resident, or an ally advocating for immigrant rights, knowing your legal options is critical—especially as federal enforcement escalates.
Defending Due Process in an Era of Judicial Targeting
The arrest of a state judge for actions taken on the bench represents a pivotal moment for the future of judicial independence and immigration rights. As enforcement policies grow more aggressive, the role of the courts—and the attorneys who fight to keep them fair—becomes even more vital.
If you or someone you know is facing deportation or legal threats tied to an immigration proceeding, contact Spar & Bernstein today. Our team stands ready to protect your rights with the integrity and experience that complex cases demand.